Current insecticide resistance status in Culex quinquefasciatus Say mosquito populations from couffo department and its implications for lymphatic filariasis control in south-western Republic of Benin, West Africa

Nazaire Aïzoun

Volume 16, Issue 2 2026

Abstract:

Background: Culex quinquefasciatus, an important vector in the transmission of human diseases has developed resistance to commonly used classes of insecticides in populations worldwide in public health. Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate on the current insecticide resistance status in Culex quinquefasciatus Say mosquito populations from Couffo department and its implications for lymphatic filariasis control in south-western Republic of Benin, West Africa. Material and Methods: Larvae and pupae of Culex quinquefasciatus populations were collected from the breeding sites in Couffo department from March to July 2024 during the great rainy season. WHO susceptibility tests were conducted on unfed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days old. WHO bioassays were performed with impregnated papers of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4%), permethrin (0.75%), deltamethrin (0.05%), fenitrothion (1%) and bendiocarb (0.1%). Results: The results showed Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito populations were resistant to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin and fenitrothion insecticides. There is possible resistance to bendiocarb and for that, further studies are needed to detect the real resistance status to this product. There is cross-resistance to both pyrethroid and organochlorine insecticides. Conclusion: The physical barrier of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) which are regularly distributed free by Beninese National Malaria Control Program throughout the entire country to increase coverage of LLINs is still important despite the insecticide resistance observed.

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